Guía de Práctica Clínica: Abordaje del Dolor en el Recién Nacido
Clinical Practice Guideline: Addressing Pain in the Newborn
Citación
Fecha
2013-092014-02-03
Autor
Niño, Ada Virginia
Título obtenido
Especialista en Neonatología
Publicador
Universidad Militar Nueva Granada
Palabras claves
; urgencias pediatricas; cuidados intensivos pediatricos; urgencias neonatales
Metadatos
Mostrar el registro completo del ítem
Documentos PDF
Resumen
La asociación Internacional para el estudio del dolor ha definido el dolor como “ Toda experiencia sensorial y emocional no placentera relacionada con un daño real o potencial de un tejido", dicho daño es motivado por la puesta en marcha de mecanismos hormonales diversos, así como por un aumento del grado de estrés oxidativo.
Al ser el dolor una sensación subjetiva se entiende que la imposibilidad del recién nacido para comunicar las sensaciones dolorosas haya contribuido a desatender durante mucho tiempo este aspecto fundamental en la buena práctica médica.
El estrés se ha definido como "todo factor emocional, físico o químico que origina tensión mental y puede ser causa de enfermedad". El dolor es siempre estresante, pero el estrés no es necesariamente doloroso; ambos requieren ser reconocidos, evaluados (medidos) y tratados.
Durante años ha existido la falsa creencia de que el recién nacido, por su inmadurez biológica, percibe menos el dolor y lo tolera mejor estando actualmente demostrada, en diversas investigaciones en campos como la psicología, anatomía y neurofisiología del recién nacido la falsedad de ambas teorías. Esta concepción errónea del dolor en el neonato había motivado un insuficiente tratamiento del mismo, con las consiguientes consecuencias sobre la salud física y psíquica del recién nacido.
Se han realizado múltiples estudios que permiten valorar la presencia de estímulos dolorosos en un neonato hospitalizado y se encontró que en promedio un recién nacido en la unidad de cuidado intensivo recibe un promedio de catorce procedimientos invasivos y dolorosos al día.
The International Association for the Study of Pain has defined pain as "Any unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential harm of a fabric " , such damage is motivated by the implementation of various hormonal mechanisms , as well as an increased degree of oxidative stress .
Being a subjective feeling pain means that the inability of the newborn to communicate painful sensations contributed to long neglect this fundamental aspect of medical practice.
Stress has been defined as " any chemical emotional factor that causes physical or mental tension and may cause disease." Pain is always stressful , but stress is not necessarily painful , both need to be recognized , evaluated ( measured ) and treated.
For years there has been a misconception that the newborn by their biological immaturity, perceived less pain and better tolerated currently being demonstrated in various research fields such as psychology, anatomy and neurophysiology newborn falsehood of both theories . This misconception of pain in the neonate had motivated insufficient treatment of the same , with consequent effects on the physical and mental health of the newborn .
There have been many studies to assess the presence of painful stimuli in a hospitalized infant and found that on average a newborn in the intensive care unit receives an average of fourteen invasive and painful procedures daily .
The International Association for the Study of Pain has defined pain as "Any unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential lesion of a tissue", such damage is motivated by the implementation of various hormonal mechanisms, as well as an increased degree of oxidative stress.Being a subjective feeling pain means that the inability of the newborn to communicate painful sensations contributed to long neglect this fundamental aspect of medical practice.Stress has been defined as "any chemical emotional factor that causes physical or mental tension and may cause disease." Pain is always stressful, but stress is not necessarily painful, both need to be recognized, evaluated (measured) and treated.For years there has been a misconception that the newborn by their biological immaturity, perceived less pain and better tolerated currently being demonstrated in various research fields such as psychology, anatomy and neurophysiology newborn falsehood of both theories . This misconception of pain in the neonate had motivated insufficient treatment of the same, with consequent effects on the physical and mental health of the newborn.There have been many studies to assess the presence of painful stimuli in a hospitalized infant and found that on average a newborn in the intensive care unit receives an average of fourteen invasive and painful procedures daily.
Colecciones
- Neonatología [8]