Principio de legalidad frente al Homicidio en Persona Protegida ocurrido entre 1991 y 2001
Principle of legality in relation to Homicide in Protected Person occurred between 1991 and 2001
Date
2016-12-01Key words
; principio de legalidad; homicidio; procesos por homicidio; derecho internacional humanitario
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Abstract
El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las implicaciones de la flexibilización del principio de legalidad de la pena frente al delito de homicidio en persona protegida ocurrido entre 1991 y 25 de julio de 2001. Mediante una metodología cualitativa, se estudiaron sentencias condenatorias proferidas en Santander por homicidio, cuyas víctimas cumplen las exigencias de ser personas protegidas por el Derecho Internacional Humanitario. Se revisó la norma, doctrina y jurisprudencia relacionada y en su análisis se encontró que desde la dimensión de legalidad de la pena, por exigencia constitucional la ley debe señalar la naturaleza de las sanciones, montos máximos y mínimos, así como los criterios de proporcionalidad que debe tener en cuenta el juzgador, lo cual da seguridad jurídica tanto a los operadores judiciales como a sus destinatarios, sin embargo, por la flexibilidad del principio de legalidad ante situaciones similares se ha proferido sentencias totalmente adversas, que violan el principio de legalidad y afectan la igualdad ante la ley.
This research article aims at analyzing the main impacts of the flexibility of the principle of legality regarding the penalty applied to the crime of homicide in protected person, occurred between 1991 and July 25th 2001. Using a qualitative methodology, the research analyzed the conviction sentences for murder crimes issued in Santander – precisely, for which victims qualify for the legal figure of protected person as established in the International Humanitarian Law. The related norms, doctrine and jurisprudence were studied, and the resulting analysis concluded that taking into account the dimension of the legality of penalties, to cope with constitutional requirements, the law must specify the nature of the sanctions, minimum, and maximum amounts, as well as the criteria of proportionality which should take into account the judge. This is supposed to provide legal certainly both to the legal practitioners and to the beneficiaries of the law. However, resulting from the flexibility of the principle of legality, in similar situations, completely opposed conviction sentences have been issued. The result has resulted to be a violation the principle of legality and a distortion of the principle of equality before the law.
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- Derecho Procesal Penal [252]